13 research outputs found

    Low-dimensional pseudoboehmite structures for microorganism adsorption

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    Low-dimensional structures consisting of pseudoboehmite nanopetals are synthesized by hydrolysis of electroexplosive aluminum nanopowder. The physical and chemical properties of the synthesized nanostructures are studied, such as morphology, particle size, specific surface area, phase composition, and zeta-potential. The production of a hybrid material on the basis of cellulose acetate microfibers and low-dimensional pseudoboehmite structures is described. Using the example of gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria, we show the microorganism adsorption capacity of pseudoboehmite nanopetals and the hybrid material

    Environmental and technical and economic indicators of methods of solid domestic waste recovery

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    The paper analyzes the waste recovery methods. The comparison of the recovery and processing technologies of solid domestic waste is made. The most effective technologies are proposed from the point of view of ecology, specific capital investments, profitability. Analysis of the research results showed that the pyrolysis technology for the neutralization and recovery of domestic waste is the best according to technical and economic and environmental indicators. The calculation of the economic pay-back is carried out using the example of the waste recovery plant construction by the pyrolysis method in the Arkhangelsk region. The calculation took into account all costs associated with the construction and operation of the plant, including capital investments, maintenance and removal of waste, as well as their storage. At the same time, the item of income was formed both at the expense of obligatory of the Arkhangelsk region resident payments for the domestic waste removal, and at the expense of additional financial revenues from electricity and secondary resources (slag, pyrolysis oil, pyro-gas) generated during the recovery process. The project payback period was 7.8 years

    ΠžΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ‹ отраТСния лСсных рСсурсов Π² БистСмС комплСксного ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎ-рСсурсного ΠΈ экономичСского ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π°

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    The authors of this article discusses the key issues and approaches to reflection of forest resources in the System of Environmental and Economic Accounting (SEEA), within the framework of the development of a common system of national accounting (SNA) for natural resources and environmental protection. To be more specific, key principles of the international standard - SEEA-2012: Central Framework No- are characterized from the point of view of information and methodological requirements for enabling statistical calculations. Critical analysis is performed; possibilities for using international provisions in the conditions of the Russian Federation are also reviewed, including the formation of the balance of natural resources on the example of forest timber, solving the issue of valuation of relevant resources, integration of the received indicators obtained in the general system of the SNA aggregates, etc. The article begins with the analysis of the current statistical information on availability, use, restoration and protection of forest resources in our country. The performance of existing indicators is measured in terms of their alignment with the SNA-SEEA requirements and methodology. In addition, an assessment of completeness and quality of statistical data, systematically collected by the statistical and forestry authorities is provided. The complexity and multidimensionality of forest resources and forestry statistics, which must be taken into account when carrying out macro-statistical constructions in accordance with the SNA-SEEA requirements, are mentioned. Major shortcomings in the field of accounting and statistical surveys were also identified. The centerpiece of the article, as already mentioned, is the issue of the valuation of forest wood, i.e. standing timber, as well as reflection of these valuables in the balance of assets of natural resources. For this purpose, the publication describes the types of this balance and analyzes in detail their specific differences in relation to the timber resources in all main balance aggregates. Particular attention is placed upon identification of harvested (cultivated), naturally grown (non-cultivated) forest resources and forest stands growing under promote natural afforestation (the implementation of specific and targeted forestry activities). In this regard the following statistical characteristics of one of the key parameters that operate within S EEA for all biological assets in general and assets of forest timber in particular are considered in detail: a) depletion; b) degradation of resources. The article is elaborated upon specific methods of forest timber valuation on the basis of determining the relevant natural resource rents, using primarily the method of the net present value (NPV), along with other techniques and assessment methods (more specifically those, on the basis of the residual value method, appropriation method, access price method). An improved calculation formula based on the NPV method is proposed. The major advantages and disadvantages of each of the proposed methods of calculation are identified. In this article are formulated the basic questions that need to be answered before the data collection is organized, calculations are carried out, and preliminary observations on them are presented. In the final chapter of the publication are given the concrete proposals for arranging further work that is essential for the quality assessment of forest resources as an important part of the national wealth and an object of the environmental resource management.Авторами ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠΈ Ρ€Π°ΡΡΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ основныС ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ‹ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹ ΠΊ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ лСсных рСсурсов Π² БистСмС комплСксного ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎ-рСсурсного ΠΈ экономичСского ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π° (БПЭУ) Π² контСкстС развития ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅ΠΉ систСмы Π½Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ счСтоводства ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ ΠΊ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ рСсурсам, ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ ΠΈ ΠΎΡ…Ρ€Π°Π½Π΅ ΠΎΠΊΡ€ΡƒΠΆΠ°ΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ срСды (ОПБ). Π”Π΅Ρ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ, с ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠΉ Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎ-мСтодологичСскому ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ статистичСских расчСтов ΠΎΡ…Π°Ρ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ‹ основныС полоТСния ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄ΡƒΠ½Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ стандарта - Π‘Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ схСмы БПЭУ Π² вСрсии 2012 Π³. Π”Π°Π½ критичСский Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΠΈ рассмотрСны возмоТности использования этих ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π² условиях Российской Π€Π΅Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Ρ построСниС баланса ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎ-рСсурсных Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ² Π½Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ лСсной дрСвСсины, Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ стоимостной ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… рСсурсов, ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Π³Ρ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ Π² ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰ΡƒΡŽ систСму Π°Π³Ρ€Π΅Π³Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² БНБ ΠΈ Ρ‚. Π΄. Π‘Ρ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡ начинаСтся с Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° ΡΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ Π² настоящСС врСмя Π² нашСй странС статистичСской ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, Ρ…Π°Ρ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ΅, использованиС, восстановлСниС ΠΈ ΠΎΡ…Ρ€Π°Π½Ρƒ лСсных рСсурсов. ΠžΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ соотвСтствиС Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ трСбованиям ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ БНБ-БПЭУ. ΠšΡ€ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, даСтся ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠ° ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ ΠΈ качСства статистичСских Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…, систСматичСски собираСмых ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½Π°ΠΌΠΈ государствСнной статистики ΠΈ лСсного хозяйства. ΠžΡ‚ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ°ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ статистики лСсных рСсурсов ΠΈ лСсного хозяйства, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‚Π΅Π½Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ макростатистичСских построСний Π² соотвСтствии с трСбованиями БНБ-БПЭУ. ΠžΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Ρ‹ основныС нСдостатки Π² области ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π° ΠΈ статистичСских наблюдСний, ΡΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ Π² Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ области. Π¦Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ мСсто Π² ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠ΅, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‡Π°Π»ΠΎΡΡŒ, ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½Π°Π΄Π»Π΅ΠΆΠΈΡ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅ стоимостной ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ лСсной дрСвСсины, Ρ‚ΠΎ Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ дрСвСсины Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΡ€Π½ΡŽ, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ этих стоимостных Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½ Π² балансС (счСтС) Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρ‹Ρ… рСсурсов. Π’ этих цСлях Π² ΠΏΡƒΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ описываСтся типовая схСма Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ баланса ΠΈ Π΄Π΅Ρ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π΅Π΅ спСцифичСскиС отличия ΠΈ особСнности ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ ΠΊ рСсурсам лСсной дрСвСсины ΠΏΠΎ всСм основным показатСлям баланса. Π’ частности, особоС Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‰Π΅Π½ΠΎ Π½Π° ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ искусствСнно Π²Ρ‹Ρ€Π°Ρ‰ΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ… (ΠΊΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ…), СстСствСнно ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Ρ€Π°ΡΡ‚Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… (Π½Π΅ΠΊΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ…) лСсных рСсурсов, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ дрСвостоСв, ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Ρ€Π°ΡΡ‚Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… Π² условиях содСйствия СстСствСнному Π»Π΅ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΡΡ‚Π°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ (Ρ‚ΠΎ Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ осущСствлСнии ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈ Ρ†Π΅Π»Π΅Π²Ρ‹Ρ… лСсохозяйствСнных мСроприятий). Π’ этой связи ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ€ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎ рассмотрСны статистичСскиС характСристики: Π°) истощСния рСсурсов; Π±) Π΄Π΅Π³Ρ€Π°Π΄Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ рСсурсов - ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ· основных ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ², ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ Π² Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΊΠ°Ρ… БНБ-БПЭУ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎ всСм биологичСским Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π°ΠΌ Π² Ρ†Π΅Π»ΠΎΠΌ, ΠΈ Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π°ΠΌ Π² Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ лСсной дрСвСсины Π² частности. Π’ ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ€ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎ раскрыты ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹ ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹ стоимостной ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ лСсной дрСвСсины Π½Π° основС опрСдСлСния ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ€Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ‹, ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅ всСго с использованиСм ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Π° чистой ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ стоимости (ЧПБ), Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… способов ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΎΠΊ (Π² частности, Π½Π° основС ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Π° остаточной стоимости, ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Π° присваивания, ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Π° доступной Ρ†Π΅Π½Ρ‹). ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Π° ΡƒΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Π°Ρ Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΡƒΠ»Π° расчСта Π½Π° Π±Π°Π·Π΅ ЧПБ-ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Π°. Раскрыты основныС достоинства ΠΈ нСдостатки ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π»Π°Π³Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ… ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² расчСта. Π’ ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠ΅ сформулированы основныС вопросы, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π½Π°Π΄ΠΎ Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π΄ΠΎ ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ сбора Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈ провСдСния расчСтов, ΠΈ Π΄Π°Π½Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π²Π°Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ сообраТСния ΠΏΠΎ Π½ΠΈΠΌ. Π’ Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΌ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ ΠΏΡƒΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π΄Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ прСдлоТСния ΠΏΠΎ ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ дальнСйшСй Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹, Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠΉ для качСствСнной ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ лСсных рСсурсов ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ Π½Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ богатства страны ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° статистики ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΎΡ…Ρ€Π°Π½Ρ‹ ΠΎΠΊΡ€ΡƒΠΆΠ°ΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ срСды.

    ЭкосистСмный ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ дальнСйшСС Ρ€Π°Π·Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠ΅ БистСмы ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏ лСксного ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎ-рСсурсного ΠΈ экономичСского ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π° ΠΈ БНБ

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    This article describes conceptual, statistical and methodological aspects of the ecosystem accounting. The referenced research was performed using the latest recommendations from the leading international organizations, a number of Russian sources as well as experience gained by the authors of this publication in this field in recent years. In particular, the considered accounting system is a direct continuation and development of the System of National Accounts (SNA) and the supporting System of Environmental-Economic Accounting (SEEA). Creating an ecosystem accounting is possible on the basis of interrelated and integrated approach to statistical estimates of the natural environment with due regard to target characteristics of the ecosystem, service flows rendered by ecosystems to economic activity, as well as to a human being. In addition, this provides a parallel and/or criss-cross analysis with binding biological and other characteristics of ecosystems to economic activity at the macro level, with a reflection of their mutual influence on each other. Characteristically, a particular feature of the ecosystem accounting is disclosing elements of the non-market activity related to ecosystems, and integrating the obtained information in a single set of data on market transactions. The capacity of the abovementioned accounting system to be used to supply the interested authorities with full and comprehensive macrostatistical information concerning the economic parameters of ecosystem assets, ecosystem services, the depletion/degradation and renewal/restoration of ecosystems, benefits (income, etc.) and other macrocharacteristics is argued and thoroughly substantiated. In the course of the research were extensively reviewed and evaluated the following two documents prepared by the United Nations Statistics Division, as well as the European Commission, the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development, etc.: a) SEEA Central Framework, adopted by the United Nations Statistical Commission in 2012 and established as an international statistical standard; and b) the System of Environmental-Economic Accounting 2012: Experimental Ecosystem Accounting, published in 2013. The authors of this article initiated and carried out their own translation of the two mentioned documents into Russian. The article critically analyzes the basic concepts and definitions proposed by international organizations in the field of ecosystem accounting, composition and structure of statistical observation units. The authors elaborate tasks and describe methods for the evaluation of ecosystem assets and ecosystem services, the linkage of statistical data in physical and monetary terms. The preparation of generalized accounts of ecosystem services based on the principles outlined in the SNA-SEEA and with maximum exception of double-counting are studied separately. In addition the authors attempt to establish not only the importance of described macrostatistical constructions but also the practical possibility for future implementation of elements of the ecosystem accounting in the Russian Federation. The final part of the article presents brief conclusions and recommendations on information and methodological support of the ecosystem accounting at the state level in our country.Π’ ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ€ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎ рассмотрСны ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ†Π΅ΠΏΡ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΈ статистико-мСтодологичСскиС аспСкты экосистСмного ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π°. Π£ΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ исслСдованиС Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΎ с использованиСм послСдних Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ Π²Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡ‰ΠΈΡ… ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄ΡƒΠ½Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ, ряда российских источников, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΎΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚Π° Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹, Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΡƒΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π² рассматриваСмой области Π² послСдниС Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹. Π’ частности, отмСчаСтся, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚ являСтся нСпосрСдствСнным ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π·Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ систСмы Π½Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… счСтов (БНБ) ΠΈ Π²ΡΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ БистСмы комплСксного ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎ-рСсурсного ΠΈ экономичСского ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π° (БПЭУ). Π‘ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ экосистСмного ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π° Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π½Π° основС взаимосвязанного ΠΈ комплСксного ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π° Π² статистичСских ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠ°Ρ… ΠΎΠΊΡ€ΡƒΠΆΠ°ΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ срСды с ΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Ρ†Π΅Π»Π΅Π²Ρ‹Ρ… характСристик экосистСм, ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ² услуг, ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ… экосистСмами хозяйствСнной Π΄Π΅ΡΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ самому Ρ‡Π΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΡƒ. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ этом прСдусматриваСтся ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Π»Π»Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΈ/ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΡ€Π΅Ρ‰ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉΡΡ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·, с привязкой биологичСских ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… характСристик экосистСм ΠΊ экономичСской Π΄Π΅ΡΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅, с ΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΈΡ… обоюдного воздСйствия Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ Π½Π° Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³Π°. Π₯Π°Ρ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π½ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ экосистСмного ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π° являСтся раскрытиС элСмСнтов Π½Π΅Ρ€Ρ‹Π½ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π΅ΡΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ, относящСйся ΠΊ экосистСмам, ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Π³Ρ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… свСдСний Π² Π΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ комплСкс с Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ ΠΎ Ρ€Ρ‹Π½ΠΎΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… опСрациях. АргумСнтируСтся ΠΈ всСстороннС обосновываСтся Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ рассматриваСмого ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π° для обСспСчСния заинтСрСсованных ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ всСсторонними макростатистичСскими свСдСниями, ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΡ экономичСских ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ² экосистСмных Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ², экосистСмных услуг, истощСния/Π΄Π΅Π³Ρ€Π°Π΄Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ восполнСния/восстановлСния экосистСм, Π±Π΅Π½Π΅Ρ„ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠΉ (Π΄ΠΎΡ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ², Π²Ρ‹Π³ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΈ Ρ‚. Π΄.) ΠΈ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ… макрохарактСристик. Π’ Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ исслСдования Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ всСстороннС ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ‹ ΠΈ Π΄Π°Π½Π° ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠ° Π΄Π²ΡƒΠΌ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°ΠΌ, ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠžΡ‚Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΎΠΌ статистики ООН, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ заинтСрСсованными ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½Π°ΠΌΠΈ - ЕвропСйской комиссиСй, ОЭБР ΠΈ Π΄Ρ€. Π˜ΠΌΠ΅ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π² Π²ΠΈΠ΄Ρƒ: Π°) Базовая схСма БПЭУ (SEEA Central Framework), принятая БтаткомиссиСй ООН Π² 2012 Π³. Π² качСствС ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄ΡƒΠ½Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ статистичСского стандарта, ΠΈ Π±) БистСма комплСксного ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎ-рСсурсного ΠΈ экономичСского ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π°: ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ экосистСмный ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚ (System of Environmental-Economic Accounting 2012: Experimental Ecosystem Accounting), опубликованная Π² 2013 Π³. Оба этих Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π° Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ Π² ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠ°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΌ порядкС ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ‹ Π°Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π°ΠΌΠΈ настоящСй ΠΏΡƒΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π½Π° русский язык. Π’ ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠ΅ критичСски ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ‹ основныС понятия ΠΈ опрСдСлСния, ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π»Π°Π³Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹Π΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄ΡƒΠ½Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ организациями Π² области экосистСмного ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π°, состав ΠΈ структура Π΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ† статистичСского наблюдСния. Раскрыты Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ ΠΈ описаны ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹ стоимостной ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ экосистСмных Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ экосистСмных услуг, увязки статистичСских Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π² Π½Π°Ρ‚ΡƒΡ€Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ Π΄Π΅Π½Π΅ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠΌ Π²Ρ‹Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ. ΠžΡ‚Π΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½Ρ‹ построСния ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… счСтов экосистСмных услуг Π½Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½Ρ†ΠΈΠΏΠ°Ρ… БНБ-БПЭУ ΠΈ с ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΈΡΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ счСта. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ этом Π°Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ€Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½Π΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ рассматриваСмых макростатистичСских построСний, Π½ΠΎ ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΡΠΊΡƒΡŽ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π² пСрспСктивС внСдрСния элСмСнтов экосистСмного ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π° Π² Российской Π€Π΅Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ. Π’ Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ части ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠΈ сформулированы ΠΊΡ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹ ΠΈ прСдлоТСния ΠΏΠΎ информационномСтодологичСскому ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ экосистСмного ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π° Π² нашСй странС Π½Π° государствСнном ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅

    ΠžΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ‹ отраТСния лСсных рСсурсов Π² БистСмС комплСксного ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎ-рСсурсного ΠΈ экономичСского ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π°

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    The authors of this article discusses the key issues and approaches to reflection of forest resources in the System of Environmental and Economic Accounting (SEEA), within the framework of the development of a common system of national accounting (SNA) for natural resources and environmental protection. To be more specific, key principles ofthe international standard - SEEA-2012: Central Framework No-are characterized from the point of view of information and methodological requirements for enabling statistical calculations. Critical analysis is performed; possibilities for using international provisions in the conditions of the Russian Federation are also reviewed, including the formation of the balance of natural resources on the example of forest timber, solving the issue of valuation of relevant resources, integration of the received indicators obtained in the general system of the SNA aggregates, etc. The article begins with the analysis of the current statistical information on availability, use, restoration and protection of forest resources in our country. The performance of existing indicators is measured in terms of their alignment with the SNA-SEEA requirements and methodology. In addition, an assessment of completeness and quality of statistical data, systematically collected by the statistical and forestry authorities is provided. The complexity and multidimensionality of forest resources and forestry statistics, which must be taken into account when carrying out macro-statistical constructions in accordance with the SNA-SEEA requirements, are mentioned. Major shortcomings in the field of accounting and statistical surveys were also identified. The centerpiece of the article, as already mentioned, is the issue of the valuation of forest wood, i.e. standing timber, as well as reflection of these valuables in the balance of assets of natural resources. For this purpose, the publication describes the types of this balance and analyzes in detail their specific differences in relation to the timber resources in all main balance aggregates. Particular attention is placed upon identification of harvested (cultivated), naturally grown (non-cultivated) forest resources and forest stands growing under promote natural afforestation (the implementation of specific and targeted forestry activities). In this regard the following statistical characteristics of one of the key parameters that operate within S EEA for all biological assets in general and assets of forest timber in particular are considered in detail: a) depletion; b) degradation of resources. The article is elaborated upon specific methods of forest timber valuation on the basis of determining the relevant natural resource rents, using primarily the method of the net present value (NPV), along with other techniques and assessment methods (more specifically those, on the basis of the residual value method, appropriation method, access price method). An improved calculation formula based on the NPV method is proposed. The major advantages and disadvantages of each of the proposed methods of calculation are identified. In this article are formulated the basic questions that need to be answered before the data collection is organized, calculations are carried out, and preliminary observations on them are presented. In the final chapter of the publication are given the concrete proposals for arranging further work that is essential for the quality assessment of forest resources as an important part of the national wealth and an object of the environmental resource management.Авторами ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠΈ Ρ€Π°ΡΡΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ основныС ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ‹ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹ ΠΊ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ лСсных рСсурсов Π² БистСмС комплСксного ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎ-рСсурсного ΠΈ экономичСского ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π° (БПЭУ) Π² контСкстС развития ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅ΠΉ систСмы Π½Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ счСтоводства ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ ΠΊ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ рСсурсам, ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ ΠΈ ΠΎΡ…Ρ€Π°Π½Π΅ ΠΎΠΊΡ€ΡƒΠΆΠ°ΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ срСды (ОПБ). Π”Π΅Ρ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ, с ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠΉ Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎ-мСтодологичСскому ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ статистичСских расчСтов, ΠΎΡ…Π°Ρ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ‹ основныС полоТСния ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄ΡƒΠ½Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ стандарта - Π‘Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ схСмы БПЭУ Π² вСрсии 2012 Π³. Π”Π°Π½ критичСский Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΠΈ рассмотрСны возмоТности использования этих ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π² условиях Российской Π€Π΅Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Ρ построСниС баланса ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎ-рСсурсных Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ² Π½Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ лСсной дрСвСсины, Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ стоимостной ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… рСсурсов, ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Π³Ρ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ Π² ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰ΡƒΡŽ систСму Π°Π³Ρ€Π΅Π³Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² БНБ ΠΈ Ρ‚. Π΄. Π‘Ρ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡ начинаСтся с Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° ΡΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ Π² настоящСС врСмя Π² нашСй странС статистичСской ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, Ρ…Π°Ρ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ΅, использованиС, восстановлСниС ΠΈ ΠΎΡ…Ρ€Π°Π½Ρƒ лСсных рСсурсов. ΠžΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ соотвСтствиС Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ трСбованиям ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ БНБ-БПЭУ. ΠšΡ€ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, даСтся ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠ° ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ ΠΈ качСства статистичСских Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…, систСматичСски собираСмых ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½Π°ΠΌΠΈ государствСнной статистики ΠΈ лСсного хозяйства. ΠžΡ‚ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ°ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ статистики лСсных рСсурсов ΠΈ лСсного хозяйства, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‚Π΅Π½Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ макростатистичСских построСний Π² соотвСтствии с трСбованиями БНБ-БПЭУ. ΠžΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Ρ‹ основныС нСдостатки Π² области ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π° ΠΈ статистичСских наблюдСний, ΡΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ Π² Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ области. Π¦Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ мСсто Π² ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠ΅, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‡Π°Π»ΠΎΡΡŒ, ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½Π°Π΄Π»Π΅ΠΆΠΈΡ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅ стоимостной ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ лСсной дрСвСсины, Ρ‚ΠΎ Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ дрСвСсины Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΡ€Π½ΡŽ, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ этих стоимостных Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½ Π² балансС (счСтС) Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρ‹Ρ… рСсурсов. Π’ этих цСлях Π² ΠΏΡƒΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ описываСтся типовая схСма Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ баланса ΠΈ Π΄Π΅Ρ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π΅Π΅ спСцифичСскиС отличия ΠΈ особСнности ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ ΠΊ рСсурсам лСсной дрСвСсины ΠΏΠΎ всСм основным показатСлям баланса. Π’ частности, особоС Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‰Π΅Π½ΠΎ Π½Π° ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ искусствСнно Π²Ρ‹Ρ€Π°Ρ‰ΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ… (ΠΊΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ…), СстСствСнно ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Ρ€Π°ΡΡ‚Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… (Π½Π΅ΠΊΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ…) лСсных рСсурсов, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ дрСвостоСв, ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Ρ€Π°ΡΡ‚Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… Π² условиях содСйствия СстСствСнному Π»Π΅ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΡΡ‚Π°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ (Ρ‚ΠΎ Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ осущСствлСнии ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈ Ρ†Π΅Π»Π΅Π²Ρ‹Ρ… лСсохозяйствСнных мСроприятий). Π’ этой связи ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ€ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎ рассмотрСны статистичСскиС характСристики: Π°) истощСния рСсурсов; Π±) Π΄Π΅Π³Ρ€Π°Π΄Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ рСсурсов - ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ· основных ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ², ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ Π² Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΊΠ°Ρ… БНБ-БПЭУ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎ всСм биологичСским Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π°ΠΌ Π² Ρ†Π΅Π»ΠΎΠΌ, ΠΈ Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π°ΠΌ Π² Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ лСсной дрСвСсины Π² частности. Π’ ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ€ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎ раскрыты ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹ ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹ стоимостной ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ лСсной дрСвСсины Π½Π° основС опрСдСлСния ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ€Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ‹, ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅ всСго с использованиСм ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Π° чистой ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ стоимости (ЧПБ), Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… способов ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΎΠΊ (Π² частности, Π½Π° основС ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Π° остаточной стоимости, ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Π° присваивания, ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Π° доступной Ρ†Π΅Π½Ρ‹). ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Π° ΡƒΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Π°Ρ Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΡƒΠ»Π° расчСта Π½Π° Π±Π°Π·Π΅ ЧПБ-ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Π°. Раскрыты основныС достоинства ΠΈ нСдостатки ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π»Π°Π³Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ… ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² расчСта. Π’ ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠ΅ сформулированы основныС вопросы, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π½Π°Π΄ΠΎ Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π΄ΠΎ ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ сбора Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈ провСдСния расчСтов, ΠΈ Π΄Π°Π½Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π²Π°Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ сообраТСния ΠΏΠΎ Π½ΠΈΠΌ. Π’ Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΌ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ ΠΏΡƒΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π΄Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ прСдлоТСния ΠΏΠΎ ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ дальнСйшСй Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹, Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠΉ для качСствСнной ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ лСсных рСсурсов ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ Π½Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ богатства страны ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° статистики ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΎΡ…Ρ€Π°Π½Ρ‹ ΠΎΠΊΡ€ΡƒΠΆΠ°ΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ срСды

    The Phenomenon of Protest Activity: A Subjective-Existential Interpretation

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    Introduction. The paper (a) presents the principles of the subjective-existential approach, (b) overviews its theoretical and methodological models, and (c) describes the phenomenology of protest activity. The subjective-existential approach focuses on value foundations of personal being, and also the way the individual resolves contradictions in the spaces of his/her life. Protest activity deconstructs micro- and macro-society in accordance with personal self-determination. Value-meaning positioning and existential self-determination are key characteristics of the protest activity system. The study introduces (a) a structural dialectical model of protest, and (b) typology of protest forms. These protest forms are modes of being, resulting from individual subject activity. Methods. The empirical study of value-meaning positioning in destructive protest forms (nΒ =Β 2600; MΒ =Β 21.3 years) employed the Protest Activity Questionnaire which included the following scales: emancipation, negativism, opposition, escapism, and nihilism. The test was valid, reliable (Cronbach’s alpha (Ξ±) ranged from 0.63 to 0.81), and structured. Confirmatory Factor Analysis Model was as follows: CMIN/DFΒ =Β 1,124; IFIΒ =Β 0,987; CFIΒ =Β 0,989; RMSEAΒ =Β 0,013. The study employed factor and correlation analysis. Results. A value-meaning contradiction in the destructive forms of protest (opposition, nihilism, escapism, and negativism) consisted in the respondents’ desire to express their personality by choosing socially unapproved forms of subjective positioning. Individuals with non-constructive forms of protest did not accept the uncertainty of the external and inner world and refused existential self-determination. Deformation and devaluation of spiritual values were characteristic for destructive forms of protest. Discussion. Personal contradictions depend on the problem of alienation, self-identification, and also inability to form and maintain an authentic being in individuals with non-constructive forms of protest. When accumulating, these contradictions become insuperable and cause destructive protest. Addressing the causes of the person’s destructive activity – creating conditions for successful adolescent and adult socialization – is important

    Cardiotoxicity: a challenge for modern oncology

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    The article provides a modern vision of the problem of cardiotoxicity in oncology. Integrity and generality of nodal pathogenetic events in the body in case of carcinogenesis, antitumor therapy and cardiopathology are caused by similar mechanisms at different hierarchical levels. Identity of potential risk factors, including inflammation, aging, obesity, diabetes and smoking, has been noted
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